Hydrogen Production from Natural Gas (Steam Reforming)
Hydrogen Production Costs Report | Issue A | Q2 2024
Report Details |
1,000 MM Nm3/y United States-based plant | Q2 2024 | 107 pages | Delivered in PDF |
This report presents a cost analysis of a 1,000 MM Nm3/y (MM Nm3 per year) United States-based plant. You can add a customized cost analysis, assuming another location (country), when ordering a premium edition of this report.
Report Abstract
This report provides an economic analysis of Hydrogen production from natural gas in the United States using a steam reforming process. Initially, methane present in natural gas is cracked with steam generating syngas. Then, the carbon monoxide from syngas is reacted with steam, producing carbon dioxide and additional hydrogen.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Hydrogen production and related Hydrogen production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Hydrogen production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Hydrogen plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Hydrogen plant operating costs (Opex).
The Hydrogen production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Hydrogen plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Hydrogen plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
Process Schematic
The process under analysis comprises two major sections: (1) Steam reforming; and (2) Hydrogen purification.
Steam reforming. First, natural gas passes through a desulfurization step with recycled Hydrogen for removal of organic sulfur compounds that poison the catalysts used in the reaction downstream. The desulfurized gas is mixed with steam generated through heat integrations and fed to the Pre-Reformer, where higher hydrocarbons found in the feed gas are converted into a methane-rich gas and hydrogen. This step prevents catalysts employed downstream from having its activity decreased by the presence of higher hydrocarbons. This pre-reformed gas is fed to the Steam-Reformer. There, methane is converted to syngas in a steam reforming, where methane reacts with steam in the presence of a nickel-based catalyst, generating CO and Hydrogen.
Hydrogen purification. The outlet from the steam reformer is then fed to a shift converter, where carbon monoxide is reacted with steam, producing carbon dioxide and additional Hydrogen. The shifted gas is then cooled to near ambient temperature, and its residual water condenses and is removed in a knockout drum. Finally, the Hydrogen is purified from carbon dioxide and other impurities by means of a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system. A small portion of the pure Hydrogen from the PSA is compressed and recycled to the Desulfurization area upstream. The remaining Hydrogen is finally directed to the downstream consumers plants via pipeline.
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Production Process Information
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Labor Requirements
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Operating Cost Summary
Production Costs Datasheet
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Production Process Information
Process Consumptions
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Plant Capital Cost Summary
Operating Cost Summary
Production Costs Datasheet
Plant Capital Cost Details
Operating Cost Details
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Updated with Q2 2024 Data
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Production Process Information
Process Consumptions
Labor Requirements
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Operating Cost Summary
Production Costs Datasheet
Plant Capital Cost Details
Operating Cost Details
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Plant Capacity Assessment
Process Flow Diagrams
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Hydrogen production plant examined
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Hydrogen process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Hydrogen production plant studied
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Hydrogen plant capacities
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL)
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
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