Pharmaceuticals comprise synthetic or natural chemicals which contain active ingredients designed to have pharmacological effects. These substances may be used, for example, in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of diseases, as well as for the restoration, correction, or modification of organic functions.

The pharmaceutical industry, in particular, is characterized by some features that distinguish it from other sectors. This industry is research-intensive and heavily regulated, in such a way the pharmaceutical companies struggle to market their products worldwide, with the goal of recapturing substantial R&D costs.