Commodity Production Costs Report
Bio-Butanediol Production from Raw Sugar (Direct Fermentation)
Butanediol Operating Costs & Plant Construction Costs
It examines bio-based BDO production using a fermentation process similar to the one proposed by Genomatica. This report presents an economic analysis for a plant constructed in Germany using raw sugar as feedstock in the fermentation.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Butanediol production and related Butanediol production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Butanediol production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Butanediol plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Butanediol plant operating costs (Opex).
The Butanediol production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Butanediol plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Butanediol plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
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The process under analysis comprises three major sections: (1) fermentation; (2) separation; and (3) purification.
Fermentation. In the fermentation area, 1,4-Butanediol (BDO) is produced by fermenting sucrose using a recombinant microorganism. The main fermentation is performed in fed-batch mode under aerobic conditions in agitated, jacketed fermenters. The fermentation temperature is controlled by circulating cooling water through the fermenter jackets, and the pH is controlled by ammonia injection.
Separation. The resulting fermentation broth is a complex mixture of water, BDO, byproducts, cell bodies, residual media, residual substrate, and feedstock/media impurities, which needs to pass through a series of separation steps. These steps include centrifugation, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and ion exchange (targeting the removal of cell debris, sugars, and salts), as well as evaporation to remove water.
Purification. The concentrated solution is fed into a distillation column for the separation of light-end impurities and subsequently into another column for the separation of heavy-end impurities. The final product, obtained from the second column, is high-purity BDO with 99.5 wt.% purity.
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Professional report based on Q3 2024 economic data, ensuring timely evaluations.
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Butanediol production plant examined.
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements.
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Butanediol process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline.
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Butanediol production plant studied.
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation.
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Butanediol plant capacities.
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL).
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
Other Butanediol Production Cost Reports

Bio-Butanediol from Glucose (Succinic Acid as Intermediate)
This report examines the costs related to Butanediol production from glucose syrup. Initially, glucose is fermented to produce succinic acid, which is then hydrogenated to produce butanediol. The economic analysis is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
Details: 50 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue B | From $1,199 USD

Butanediol Production from Succinic Acid
This feasibility study examines 1,4-Butanediol (BDO) production from succinic acid in the United States using a hydrogenation process similar to the one proposed by BioAmber.
Details: 60 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue C | From $799 USD

Butanediol Production from Acetylene
This report presents the economics of an 1,4-Butanediol (BDO) production process from acetylene and formaldehyde in the United States. In this process, acetylene initially reacts with formaldehyde by addition, forming 1,4-butynediol. The butynediol is then hydrogenated to produce BDO. It is a typical acetylene-based Reppe process.
Details: 120 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue D | From $799 USD
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Other Related Production Cost Reports

Ammonia Production from Natural Gas (Combined Reforming)
This report presents the economics of Ammonia production from natural gas in the United States using a process similar to KBR Purifier process. In the process examined, syngas is initially produced from natural gas via a combined reforming. The syngas is purified through several steps into nitrogen and hydrogen which are synthesized to ammonia.
Details: 800 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue B | From $1,199 USD

Tetrahydrofuran Production
It presents the economics of Tetrahydrofuran (THF) production from butanediol (BDO) in the United States, using a dehydration process similar to Davy Process Technology (DPT). The BDO is very readily cyclized to THF with elimination of water by acid catalysis.
Details: 60 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD

Ammonia Production from Syngas
This report presents the economics of Ammonia production from synthesis gas (syngas). In this process, hydrogen, recovered from syngas feedstock, and nitrogen, recovered from air, react producing Ammonia. The economic analysis performed assumes a plant located in the United States.
Details: 800 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD
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