Vinyl Chloride Production from Ethane and Chlorine
Vinyl Chloride Production Costs Report | Issue B | Q2 2024
Report Details |
500 kta United States-based plant | Q2 2024 | 107 pages | Delivered in PDF |
This report presents a cost analysis of a 500 kta (kilo metric ton per annum) United States-based plant. You can add a customized cost analysis, assuming another location (country), when ordering a premium edition of this report.
Report Abstract
This study reviews the costs associated with Vinyl Chloride production directly from ethane and chlorine. The process examined is an early stage process similar to that developed by European Vinyls Corporation, now owned by INEOS. The process is a direct ethane to vinyl chloride monomer route. The economic assessment assumes an industrial plant in the United States.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Vinyl Chloride production and related Vinyl Chloride production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Vinyl Chloride production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Vinyl Chloride plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Vinyl Chloride plant operating costs (Opex).
The Vinyl Chloride production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Vinyl Chloride plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Vinyl Chloride plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
Process Overview
Product
Vinyl Chloride. Vinyl chloride, or vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), is a major chemical commodity, with worldwide importance related to its industrial use as the precursor to PVC. VCM is also used in a wide variety of copolymers. Inherent flame-retardant properties, wide range of plasticized compounds, and low cost of polymers produced from vinyl chloride have made it in fact a major industrial chemical, manufactured in about fifty countries. First commercially produced by catalytic hydrochlorination of acetylene, vinyl chloride nowadays is largely produced through ethylene-based, balanced vinyl chloride process. VCM production routes development have been tightly connected to the availability of key raw materials, particularly ethylene and chlorine, along with concerns related to energy efficiency, environmental impact, safety, and process reliability. Most of the existing VCM plants are actually integrated to EDC plants, where direct chlorination and oxychlorination processes are employed in parallel for EDC production.
Raw Materials
Ethane. Ethane is a colorless, odorless gas with the chemical formula C2H6. The main commercial sources of ethane are wet natural gases and refinery waste gases. Ethane is the second largest component of natural gas, only after methane. In natural gas from shale (or shale gas), the ethane content can reach up to 16% by volume. On industrial scale, it is separated from methane by liquefaction at cryogenic temperatures. The main use of ethane is as petrochemical feedstock for Ethylene manufacturing. In some cases, ethane is not separated from natural gas and it is burnt along with methane as fuel.
Chlorine. Chlorine figures among the most important chemical commodities. It is an indispensable intermediate in the chemical industry, employed in the manufacture of a multitude of end products (e.g. materials of construction, solvents, pesticides, etc). Most of chlorine produced on commercial scale is based on electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride (brine), which also generates caustic soda and hydrogen as co-products (chlor-alkali processes).
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Production Process Information
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Production Process Information
Process Consumptions
Labor Requirements
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Operating Cost Summary
Production Costs Datasheet
Plant Capital Cost Details
Operating Cost Details
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Plant Capacity Assessment
Process Flow Diagrams
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Vinyl Chloride production plant examined
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Vinyl Chloride process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Vinyl Chloride production plant studied
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Vinyl Chloride plant capacities
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL)
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
Other Vinyl Chloride Production Cost Reports
Vinyl Chloride Production from Ethylene Dichloride
This report presents the economics of Vinyl Chloride production from ethylene dichloride (EDC) in the United States using a typical thermal cracking process. In the process under analysis, EDC is thermally cracked to produce Vinyl Chloride, also generating hydrogen chloride as a by-product.
Details: 500 kta United States-based plant | Q2 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A From $799 USD
The cost analyses presented in this report target a 500 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.
Vinyl Chloride Production from Acetylene
This feasibility study reviews a typical hydrochlorination process for Vinyl Chloride production from acetylene. In this process, anhydrous hydrogen chloride is reacted in vapor phase with acetylene over a mercuric chloride catalyst producing Vinyl Chloride. The economic analysis presented is based on the construction of an industrial plant in the United States.
Details: 280 kta United States-based plant | Q2 2024 | 107 pages | Issue C From $799 USD
The cost analyses presented in this report target a 280 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.
Vinyl Chloride from Ethylene and Chlorine (Balanced Process)
This study presents the economics of Vinyl Chloride (VCM) production from ethylene and chlorine in the United States. Initially, ethylene is chlorinated to produce ethylene dichloride (EDC). Then, EDC is thermally cracked yielding VCM and HCl. The HCl produced and ethylene are reacted with oxygen, yielding more EDC. This leads to a so called “balanced process”.
Details: 500 kta United States-based plant | Q2 2024 | 107 pages | Issue D From $1,499 USD
The cost analyses presented in this report target a 500 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.
Vinyl Chloride Production from Ethylene and EDC
This report presents the production cost of Vinyl Chloride from ethylene and ethylene dichloride (EDC) in the United States. The process examined combines two process. First, Vinyl Chloride is produced via thermal cracking of EDC, which generates hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is then used as raw material with ethylene in the EDC production via oxychlorination.
Details: 500 kta United States-based plant | Q2 2024 | 107 pages | Issue E From $1,199 USD
The cost analyses presented in this report target a 500 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.
Vinyl Chloride from Ethylene and Chlorine (By-Product: HCl)
This study approaches a detailed cost analysis of Vinyl Chloride (VCM) production from ethylene and chlorine as raw materials. Initially, ethylene is chlorinated to produce ethylene dichloride (EDC). Then, EDC is thermally cracked yielding VCM. The economic analysis presented assumes a plant located in the United States.
Details: 500 kta United States-based plant | Q2 2024 | 107 pages | Issue F From $1,199 USD
The cost analyses presented in this report target a 500 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.
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