Production Cost Report
ICC - Is Bespoken: 0
ICC - Main References: ?
ICC - Issue: A
ICC - Volume: 184
ICC - Report ID: 184-A
ICC - Report Location: United States
ICC - Is Popular: 0
ICC - Is Developed: 1
ICC - Title: Vinyl Acetate Production from Acetic Acid and Ethylene
ICC - Show Overview: 1
ICC - Report Location ID: 1
ICC - Plant Capacity Unit ID: 14
ICC - Volume Reports List: 184-B
ICC - Related Reports List: 212-B,172-A,172-B,005-B,005-A,212-A
ICC - Report Location Code: USA
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ICC - Plant Capacity Unit Name: kilo metric ton per annum
ICC - Plant Capacity Unit Short Name: kta
ICC - Process Overview Image: //cdn.intratec.us/images/icc/process-overview/184-A.jpg
ICC - Process Overview Text: <h6>Product</h6> <p><b>Vinyl Acetate</b>. Vinyl Acetate (also known as Vinyl Acetate Monomer and VAM) is an important vinyl ester, primarily used in the production of polymers and copolymers, for coatings, paints and sealants, binders, textile and paper processing, among others. On an industrial scale, the dominant production route of Vinyl Acetate is based on the reaction of ethylene with acetic acid and oxygen in the gas phase on heterogeneous catalysts containing palladium.</p> <h6>Raw Materials</h6> <p><b>Ethylene</b>. Ethylene is known as a key building block for the petrochemical industry, being one of the largest-volume petrochemical produced worldwide. It is widely used as chemical intermediate in the production of several end products, including plastics, resins and fibers. Ethylene is largely produced by thermal cracking of petroleum-based feedstocks, in the presence of steam. It is stored in a liquid state under high pressure or at low temperatures. However, ethylene is, most of times, directly supplied to its consumers.</p> <b>Chemicals</b>. </p> <b>Acetic Acid</b>. Acetic acid (also known as ethanoic acid, hydrogen acetate) is a carboxylic acid found in dilute solutions in plant and animal systems. This chemical is widely used in organic processes, primarily in the production of polymers derived from vinyl acetate, used in paints and coatings, cellulose used to produce acetate fibers, and as solvent. While 2–12 wt% acetic acid solutions, usually called vinegar, have long been produced by ethanol fermentation, nowadays the commercial production of acetic acid is mainly based on methanol carbonylation and liquid-phase oxidation of n-butane.</p>
ICC - Process Schematic Image: //cdn.intratec.us/images/icc/process-schematics/184-A.jpg
ICC - Process Schematic Text: <p>The process under analysis comprises three major sections: (1) Reaction; (2) Separation; and (3) Purification.</p><p>Reaction. Make-up and recycled acetic acid streams pass through a vaporizer, along with fresh and recycled ethylene. The resulting feed stream, containing excess ethylene over acetic acid, is mixed with oxygen, preheated, and fed to multi-tube reactors. An oxidation reaction occurs over a palladium and gold catalyst. Heat is removed by evaporative cooling on the shell of the reactors. In the end, 8-10 wt% of ethylene and 15-35 wt% of acetic acid are converted to Vinyl Acetate. Water, CO2, and small quantities of ethyl acetate, ethylidene diacetate, and glycol acetates are the main by-products.</p><p>Separation. The reactor effluent is cooled and fed to the predehydration column, where a crude VAM stream is withdrawn from the bottom and stored. The overhead stream is separated into an organic phase, recycled to the column, and an aqueous phase, directed to a decanter downstream. The uncondensed gas is washed by acetic acid and the solution formed is routed to the crude VAM tank, while the gas from the scrubber is recycled to the reaction. Part of this gas is washed with water to remove residual acetic acid and directed to the crude VAM Tank. After water washing, the gas is directed to an absorption column, for CO2 removal by a potassium carbonate solution.</p><p>Purification. In the azeotropic column, the VAM-water mixture from the crude VAM tank and the aqueous phase separated in the predehydration column are distilled and fed to a decanter. At this point, the organic phase containing VAM is separated and directed to the light-ends column. The aqueous phase is routed to the wastewater column, which separates residual VAM from wastewater. Ethyl acetate is withdrawn and discharged, and acetic acid is recycled to the caporizer. The light-ends column strips off acetaldehyde and other volatiles from the crude Vinyl Acetate. Finally, residual acetic acid and heavy ends are removed in the pure VAM column, yielding Vinyl Acetate with 99.9 wt% purity.</p>
ICC - Short Description: This study presents the economics of Vinyl Acetate production from acetic acid and ethylene in the United States, via a typical vapor-phase oxidation process. In this process, vapor acetic acid, ethylene and oxygen react in a catalytic multi-tube reactor, producing Vinyl Acetate, which is further purified.
ICC - Main Product: Vinyl Acetate
ICC - Plant Capacity: 350.00
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Vinyl Acetate Production from Acetic Acid and Ethylene

Vinyl Acetate Production Costs Report | Issue A | Q2 2024

Production Cost Report

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350 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Delivered in PDF

This report presents a cost analysis of a 350 kta (kilo metric ton per annum) United States-based plant. You can add a customized cost analysis, assuming another location (country), when ordering a premium edition of this report.

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Production Process Information

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Production Process Information

Process Consumptions

Labor Requirements

Plant Capital Cost Summary

Operating Cost Summary

Production Costs Datasheet

Plant Capital Cost Details

Operating Cost Details

Plant Cost Breakdowns

Plant Capacity Assessment

Process Flow Diagrams

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Content Highlights

Plant Capital Cost Summary

Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Vinyl Acetate production plant examined

Plant Capital Cost Details

Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements

Plant Cost Breakdowns

Breakdown of Vinyl Acetate process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline

Operating Costs Summary

Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Vinyl Acetate production plant studied

Operating Cost Details

Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation

Plant Capacity Assessment

Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Vinyl Acetate plant capacities

Production Process Information

Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL)

Process Consumptions

Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements

Process Diagrams

Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration

Other Vinyl Acetate Production Cost Reports

Vinyl Acetate Production from Acetic Acid and Acetylene

This feasibility study examines the economics of a process producing Vinyl Acetate from acetic acid and acetylene. In the process examined, acetic acid and acetylene react in the vapor phase in the presence of a supported metal catalyst to produce vinyl acetate. The economic analysis performed is based on a plant constructed in the United States.

Details: 180 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue B   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 180 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

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Ethylene Vinyl Acetate from Ethylene & VAM (Autoclave Process)

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