Paracetamol Production from Nitrobenzene
Paracetamol Production Costs Report | Issue B | Q4 2024
| Report Details |
| 20 kta United States-based plant | Q4 2024 | 107 pages |
This report presents a cost analysis of a 20 kta (kilo metric ton per annum) United States-based plant. You can add a customized cost analysis, assuming another location (country), when ordering a premium edition of this report.
Report Abstract
This report approaches the production of Paracetamol from nitrobenzene and acetic anhydride in the United States. In this process, nitrobenzene is contacted with hydrogen in the presence of dilute sulfuric acid, generating 4-aminophenol (PAP) and aniline by-product. The PAP is then acetylated to produce Paracetamol.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Paracetamol production and related Paracetamol production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Paracetamol production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Paracetamol plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Paracetamol plant operating costs (Opex).
The Paracetamol production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Paracetamol plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Paracetamol plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
Process Schematic
The process under analysis comprises four major sections: (1) Nitrobenzene reduction; (2) PAP separation and purification; (3) PAP acetylation; and (4) Paracetamol purification
Nitrobenzene reduction. The nitrobenzene (NB) is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of sulfuric acid and a platinum on activated carbon catalyst to produce p-aminophenol (PAP). Besides PAP, o-aminophenol, aniline and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether are also generated as by-products. The reaction is stopped before depletion of NB so two phases are present at the end. An organic phase, comprised of unreacted NB and the catalyst, which is recycled back to the reactor, and an aqueous phase containing PAP and by-products.
PAP separation and purification. The aqueous phase is fed to the middle of an extraction column. An aniline-toluene mixture is used to extract the 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether. An aqueous sulfuric acid solution is fed at the top of the column to recover PAP extracted. Toluene is fed to the bottom of the column to extract the aniline from the aqueous PAP solution. Aniline is recovered from the top organic stream to be sold as by-product. The bottom aqueous stream is fed to a crystallizer, to purify the PAP, which is then centrifuged and dried.
PAP acetylation. The PAP is dissolved in an acetic acid solution and fed to a reactor along with acetic anhydride. An acetylation reaction is carried out by heating the mixture of PAP with acetic anhydride, yielding crude Paracetamol.
Paracetamol purification. The crude Paracetamol is treated with decolorizing charcoal. The product is further purified by crystallization/centrifugation steps, and subsequently dried, ground under a dry air atmosphere, packed and stored. The liquor separated during centrifugation is sent to extraction step to recover acetic acid, as by-product.
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Production Process Information
Process Consumptions
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Production Costs Datasheet
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Operating Cost Details
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Plant Capacity Assessment
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Paracetamol production plant examined
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Paracetamol process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Paracetamol production plant studied
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Paracetamol plant capacities
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL)
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
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