Commodity Production Costs Report

Paracetamol Production from p-Nitrochlorobenzene

Paracetamol Operating Costs & Plant Construction Costs

20 kta United States-based plant | 107 Pages | Issue A | Q3 2024
Starting at $1,999 USD | See Report Editions Prices

This report analyses the economics of Paracetamol production from 4-nitrochlorobenzene and acetic anhydride in the United States. In the process, 4-nitrochlorobenzene reacts with sodium hydroxide producing para nitro phenol (PNP). The PNP is then subjected to reduction, producing para amino phenol (PAP). The PAP is then acetylated to produce Paracetamol.

The report provides a comprehensive study of Paracetamol production and related Paracetamol production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Paracetamol production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Paracetamol plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Paracetamol plant operating costs (Opex).

The Paracetamol production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Paracetamol plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Paracetamol plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.

Key reference(s): ?

Paracetamol Production Cost Report Process Schematic

The process under analysis comprises three major sections: (1) P-nitrochlorobenzene hydrolysis; (2) P-nitrophenol reduction; and (3) P-aminophenol acetylation.

P-nitrochlorobenzene hydrolysis. Initially, p-nitrochlorobenzene (PNCB) reacts with caustic soda in an autoclave, yielding p-nitrophenol (PNP) and sodium chloride. The PNP formed is concentrated in a low-pressure vessel, eliminating water and volatile impurities. The product is further purified by acidification with sulfuric acid, crystallization and centrifugation.

P-nitrophenol reduction. The PNP and gaseous hydrogen are fed to a reactor, where the PNP is hydrogenated to p-aminophenol (PAP) in an acetic acid solvent medium, in the presence of platinum/carbon catalysts. The reaction mixture containing p-aminophenol is cooled and passed through a filter, in which catalyst is filtered from the solution.

P-aminophenol acetylation. The p-aminophenol solution is fed to a reactor along with acetic anhydride. An acetylation reaction is carried out by heating the mixture of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride, yielding crude Paracetamol. The crude Paracetamol is mixed with water and sulfuric acid and treated with decolorizing charcoal. The product is further purified by crystallization/centrifugation steps, and subsequently dried, ground under a dry air atmosphere, packed and stored.

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  • Production Process Information
  • Process Consumptions
  • Labor Requirements
  • Plant Capital Cost Summary
  • Operating Cost Summary
  • Production Costs Datasheet
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 80 Pages | 22 Tables | 9 Images

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Table of Contents


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  • Production Process Information
  • Process Consumptions
  • Labor Requirements
  • Plant Capital Cost Summary
  • Operating Cost Summary
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  • Operating Cost Details
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 90 Pages | 28 Tables | 13 Images

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Table of Contents


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  • Production Process Information
  • Process Consumptions
  • Labor Requirements
  • Plant Capital Cost Summary
  • Operating Cost Summary
  • Production Costs Datasheet
  • Plant Capital Cost Details
  • Operating Cost Details
  • Plant Cost Breakdowns
  • Plant Capacity Assessment
  • Process Flow Diagrams
  • Costs in Different Countries Add-on
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  • 107 Pages | 34 Tables | 22 Images
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Content Highlights

Plant Capital Cost Summary

Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Paracetamol production plant examined.

Plant Capital Cost Details

Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements.

Plant Cost Breakdowns

Breakdown of Paracetamol process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline.

Operating Costs Summary

Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Paracetamol production plant studied.

Operating Cost Details

Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation.

Plant Capacity Assessment

Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Paracetamol plant capacities.

Production Process Information

Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL).

Process Consumptions

Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements

Process Diagrams

Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration

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