Commodity Production Costs Report
Styrene Production from Ethane & Benzene (H2 as Co-Product)
Styrene Operating Costs & Plant Construction Costs
This report presents the economics of Styrene production from ethane and benzene in the United States, with pure hydrogen as by-product. In this report, ethylbenzene (EB) is first generated from benzene and recycled ethylene. Then, fresh ethane and the EB are dehydrogenated to form ethylene and Styrene. The process analyzed is based on concepts proposed in patents issued to Dow and Snamprogetti.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Styrene production and related Styrene production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Styrene production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Styrene plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Styrene plant operating costs (Opex).
The Styrene production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Styrene plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Styrene plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
Key reference(s): ?
Products
Styrene. Styrene is a largely available commodity generally produced from ethylbenzene by several means. One of the commercial routes for styrene production relies on the alkylation of benzene with ethylene for generating the ethylbenzene, which is then dehydrogenated to styrene in vapor phase with steam.
Hydrogen. The hydrogen molecule, H2, is the normal state of pure hydrogen, even though hydrogen can be found in its atomic form under specific conditions. It is a very stable molecule, not usually reactive under normal conditions. Essentially, molecular hydrogen is produced industrially by three different methods: hydrocarbons steam reforming, hydrocarbons partial oxidation and water electrolysis. Hydrogen can also be obtained as a by-product recovered in processes such as the manufacture of styrene from ethylbenzene.
Raw Materials
Ethane. Ethane is a colorless, odorless gas with the chemical formula C2H6. The main commercial sources of ethane are wet natural gases and refinery waste gases. Ethane is the second largest component of natural gas, only after methane. In natural gas from shale (or shale gas), the ethane content can reach up to 16% by volume. On industrial scale, it is separated from methane by liquefaction at cryogenic temperatures. The main use of ethane is as petrochemical feedstock for Ethylene manufacturing. In some cases, ethane is not separated from natural gas and it is burnt along with methane as fuel.
Benzene. Benzene (C6H6) is a flammable and volatile liquid. As the most simple aromatic hydrocarbon, it is used as an intermediate to produce many important chemicals, such as styrene (raw material for polystyrene and synthetic rubber), cyclohexane (used in nylon production), alkylbenzenes (used in detergent industry), aniline (used to produce dyes and polyurethanes), and chlorobenzenes. Also, benzene is used to produce pharmaceuticals, specialty chemicals, plastics, and pesticides. It occurs naturally in crude oil and coal tar.
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Professional report based on Q3 2024 economic data, ensuring timely evaluations.
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Styrene production plant examined.
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements.
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Styrene process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline.
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Styrene production plant studied.
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation.
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Styrene plant capacities.
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL).
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
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Other Styrene Production Cost Reports
Styrene Production from Methanol & Toluene
This report analyses the economics of Styrene production from methanol and toluene in the United States. The process evaluated is similar to Exelus Styrene Monomer Technology (ExSyM) technology. In this process, toluene is submitted to alkylation with methanol over zeolite catalyst, yielding styrene.
Details: 750 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue E | From $799 USD
Styrene Production from Propylene & Ethylbenzene
This study presents the economics of Styrene production from chemical grade (CG) propylene and ethylbenzene in the United States. The process examined is a Propylene Oxide/Styrene Monomer (POSM) technology similar to the one owned by LyondellBasell. This process involves ethylbenzene oxidation, epoxidation, hydrogenation and dehydration steps.
Details: 850 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue B | From $1,199 USD
Styrene Production from Ethane & Benzene (H2 as Fuel)
This study presents the costs associated with Styrene production in the United States. In this report, ethylbenzene (EB) is first generated from benzene and recycled ethylene. Then, fresh ethane and the EB are dehydrogenated to form ethylene and Styrene. The hydrogen produced is valued as fuel. The process analyzed is based on concepts proposed in patents issued to Dow and Snamprogetti.
Details: 750 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue D | From $1,199 USD
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