Commodity Production Costs Report
Benzene Production from Pygas (Extractive Distillation Process)
Benzene Operating Costs & Plant Construction Costs
This report examines the costs related to Benzene production from pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) in the United States using a typical extractive distillation process. Initially, pygas is fractionated into 3 hydrocarbon cuts. The C6s fraction is then fed to an extractive distillation system, using N-formylmorpholine (NFM) as solvent. to recover benzene.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Benzene production and related Benzene production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Benzene production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Benzene plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Benzene plant operating costs (Opex).
The Benzene production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Benzene plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Benzene plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
Key reference(s): ?
The process under analysis comprises two major sections: (1) Benzene Purification; and (2) Hydrogen Purification.
Benzene Purification. First, the pyrolysis gasoline, a hydrocarbons stream with carbon chains ranging from C5 to C12, is separated into three hydrocarbons cut. Both the light and heavy cuts are sold to nearby facilities. The intermediate cut, containing C6 hydrocarbons, is then fed with hydrogen to a pretreatment reactor. There, diolefinic material in the pyrolysis gasoline is hydrotreated in the presence of catalysts (cobalt molybdate on alumina). The diolefins in the pyrolysis gasoline feed are converted to olefins, which are then saturated. Also, thiophene and other sulfur compounds in the pyrolysis gasoline are converted to H2S. The regenerated aromatic stream is subjected to a extractive distillation. In the extractive distillation process, N-formylmorpholine (NFM) is mixed with the feed stream in order to alter the vapour pressure of the components to be separated. The solvent lowers the vapour pressure of benzene in the feed stream more than the other non-aromatic hydrocarbons. Given the shift in the vapour pressures, benzene is recovered alongside with the solvent fed to column. The rich-benzene solvent is fed to a stripping column to recover the solvent, through the column's bottom, and benzene, through the column's top.
Hydrogen Purification. Hydrogen stream is fed to the bottom of a multi-stage absorber column. The absorption is conducted in a counter-current flow. The purpose is to remove residual hydrocarbons from the hydrogen-rich feed stream, avoiding the build-up of impurities in the process. The washed hydrogen-rich gas is compressed and heated, before being directed to pretreatment reactor.
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Professional report based on Q3 2024 economic data, ensuring timely evaluations.
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Benzene production plant examined.
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements.
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Benzene process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline.
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Benzene production plant studied.
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation.
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Benzene plant capacities.
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL).
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
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Benzene Production from Pygas (Hydrodealkylation Process)
This analysis presents the economics of Benzene production from pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) in the United States using a typical hydrodealkylation process. Initially, pygas is fractionated into 3 hydrocarbon cuts. The C6-C8 fraction is then directed to the hydrodealkylation step, in which the aromatics content in the process stream are converted into benzene
Details: 250 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue D | From $799 USD
Benzene Production from Light Oil
This study shows a techno-economic analysis of Benzene production from light oil using a hydrodealkylation process similar to Lummus Litol technology. The light oil feedstock used is a product from coal coking process. A C6-C8 fraction is separated. Then, diolefins and styrene are hydrogenated. The effluent is finally converted to benzene by hydrodealkylation. The plant is assumed to be located in the United States.
Details: 200 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue E | From $799 USD
Benzene from Toluene (Selective Toluene Disproportionation)
It presents the economics of a selective toluene disproportionation process (STDP) for Benzene production in the United States. In the STDP, toluene is converted into benzene and xylenes (mainly, p-xylene). The reaction is carried out with a zeolitic catalyst, in a hydrogen atmosphere to minimize coke formation and side reactions.
Details: 250 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue G | From $799 USD
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Nitrobenzene Production from Benzene (NORAM)
This report presents the economics of Nitrobenzene production from benzene and nitric acid in the United States. The process analyzed in this report is similar to NORAM's adiabatic benzene nitration process, which uses a plug-flow nitrator containing jet-impingement elements.
Details: 530 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD
Cyclohexane from Benzene and Hydrogen (Liquid-Phase Process)
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