Commodity Production Costs Report
Ethanol Production from Corn Dry Milling
Ethanol Operating Costs & Plant Construction Costs
This study presents the economics of hydrous Ethanol production from corn in the United States using a typical dry milling process. Initially, corn is ground, slurried with water and then submitted to enzymatic hydrolysis, which convert starch to glucose. Next, the glucose is fermented to Ethanol by yeasts, yielding Hydrous Ethanol.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Ethanol production and related Ethanol production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Ethanol production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Ethanol plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Ethanol plant operating costs (Opex).
The Ethanol production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Ethanol plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Ethanol plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
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The process under analysis comprises three major sections: (1) Liquefaction & Saccharification; (2) Fermentation; and (3) Products Separation.
Liquefaction & Saccharification. Initially, the corn is ground in order to increase its surface area, exposing starch and allowing more efficient hydrolysis to occur. Then, in liquefaction and saccharification steps, the startch content of the corn is broken down into smaller glucose units. Such liquefaction and saccharification involves enzymatic hydrolyses of the startch under controlled temperature and pH, where alpha-amylase and gluco-amylase hydrolyze starch into fermentable sugars.
Fermentation. Next, the glucose solution from saccharification is fed to the fermentation vessel, where Ethanol is produced from glucose by yeast fermentation. The fermentation is carried out in batch mode and under anaerobic process conditions. The pH control of the fermentation is made by addition of lime. The temperature is controlled by recirculation through external heat exchangers.
Products Separation. Each fermentation batch produces a mixture called beer, containing yeast, bran, gluten, and about 9 wt% (12% by volume) of Ethanol. Subsequently, the beer passes through concentration and distillation steps, yielding Hydrous Ethanol. The non-fermented material recovered is passed through centrifugation, evaporation and drying steps to produce Distiller's Dried Grain with Solubles (DDGS) as by-product.
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Professional report based on Q3 2024 economic data, ensuring timely evaluations.
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Ethanol production plant examined.
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements.
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Ethanol process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline.
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Ethanol production plant studied.
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation.
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Ethanol plant capacities.
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL).
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
Other Ethanol Production Cost Reports

Ethanol and Sugar Production from Sugarcane
This report presents a techno-economic study of hydrous Ethanol and raw sugar production from sugarcane using a typical process in Brazil. In this process, part of the sugarcane juice is used in the production of raw sugar and part is fermented to produce hydrous Ethanol. The sugarcane bagasse is burned for electricity generation.
Details: 150 kta Brazil-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue E | From $799 USD

Ethanol Production from Sugarcane
This study provides an economic analysis of hydrous Ethanol production in Brazil using a typical process based on sugarcane feedstock. In this process, sucrose is extracted from sugarcane and it is fermented to produce hydrated Ethanol. The sugarcane bagasse is burned for electricity generation.
Details: 150 kta Brazil-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue F | From $799 USD

Ethanol from Corn Stover (Digestion with SO2-Ethanol-Water Solution)
This report presents a techno-economic analysis of second generation Ethanol production from corn stover in the United States using a process similar to AVAP technology, developed by American Process. In this process, biomass is fractionated into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin by using a sulfur dioxide-ethanol-water solution. The cellulose and hemicelluloses obtained from biomass are converted to monomeric sugars, which are then used to produce Ethanol via fermentation.
Details: 80 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue H | From $799 USD
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Ethylene from Ethanol (Similar to Hummingbird Process)
This study presents a techno-economic analysis of Green PG Ethylene production from hydrous ethanol in the United States using a dehydration process similar to the TechnipFMC’s Hummingbird process (former BP Chemicals). The reaction is carried out in multiple stage reactors with inter stage heaters in vapor phase.
Details: 210 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue I | From $799 USD

Ethylene from Ethanol (Similar to Chematur Process)
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