Commodity Production Costs Report
Benzene from Toluene (Conventional Toluene Disproportionation)
Benzene Operating Costs & Plant Construction Costs
This report also presents the economics of Benzene production from toluene in the United States. This assessment depicts a conventional toluene disproportionation process (TDP).
The report provides a comprehensive study of Benzene production and related Benzene production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Benzene production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Benzene plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Benzene plant operating costs (Opex).
The Benzene production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Benzene plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Benzene plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
Key reference(s): ?
Products
Benzene. Benzene (C6H6) is a flammable and volatile liquid. As the most simple aromatic hydrocarbon, it is used as an intermediate to produce many important chemicals, such as styrene (raw material for polystyrene and synthetic rubber), cyclohexane (used in nylon production), alkylbenzenes (used in detergent industry), aniline (used to produce dyes and polyurethanes), and chlorobenzenes. Also, benzene is used to produce pharmaceuticals, specialty chemicals, plastics, and pesticides. It occurs naturally in crude oil and coal tar.
Mixed Xylenes. Mixed xylenes refer to a mixture containing benzene homologues with formula C8H10, encompassing three isomeric dimethylbenzenes - o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene – and usually ethylbenzene. Mixed xylenes are produced on commercial scale mainly from catalytic reformate, pyrolysis gasoline, toluene disproportionation product, and coke-oven light oil. Most of mixed xylenes are recovered for the production of Paraxylene. To a lesser extent, mixed xylenes are used for orthoxylene production and gasoline blending. Purified xylenes, in turn, are used in a number of products including plasticizers and polyester fibers, photographic films, beverage bottles, etc.
Raw Material
Toluene. Toluene (also known as Methylbenzene) is an aromatic hydrocarbon mainly used as an industrial feedstock and as solvent. A significant part of toluene production is blended directly into gasoline pools. Other major use of this chemical is in the manufacture of the more valuable benzene, through hydrodealkylation. Most of toluene is produced via catalytic reforming of refinery streams (C6–C9 naphthas), along with benzene, xylenes, and C9-aromatics.
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Professional report based on Q3 2024 economic data, ensuring timely evaluations.
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Benzene production plant examined.
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements.
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Benzene process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline.
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Benzene production plant studied.
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation.
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Benzene plant capacities.
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL).
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
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Other Benzene Production Cost Reports
Benzene Production from Pygas (Hydrodealkylation Process)
This analysis presents the economics of Benzene production from pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) in the United States using a typical hydrodealkylation process. Initially, pygas is fractionated into 3 hydrocarbon cuts. The C6-C8 fraction is then directed to the hydrodealkylation step, in which the aromatics content in the process stream are converted into benzene
Details: 250 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue D | From $799 USD
Benzene Production from Light Oil
This study shows a techno-economic analysis of Benzene production from light oil using a hydrodealkylation process similar to Lummus Litol technology. The light oil feedstock used is a product from coal coking process. A C6-C8 fraction is separated. Then, diolefins and styrene are hydrogenated. The effluent is finally converted to benzene by hydrodealkylation. The plant is assumed to be located in the United States.
Details: 200 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue E | From $799 USD
Benzene from Toluene (Selective Toluene Disproportionation)
It presents the economics of a selective toluene disproportionation process (STDP) for Benzene production in the United States. In the STDP, toluene is converted into benzene and xylenes (mainly, p-xylene). The reaction is carried out with a zeolitic catalyst, in a hydrogen atmosphere to minimize coke formation and side reactions.
Details: 250 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue G | From $799 USD
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Other Related Production Cost Reports
Toluene Production from Pygas
This study presents the economics of Toluene production from pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) in the United States using a typical liquid-liquid extraction process.
Details: 400 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue B | From $799 USD
Nitrobenzene Production from Benzene (NORAM)
This report presents the economics of Nitrobenzene production from benzene and nitric acid in the United States. The process analyzed in this report is similar to NORAM's adiabatic benzene nitration process, which uses a plug-flow nitrator containing jet-impingement elements.
Details: 530 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD
Cyclohexane from Benzene and Hydrogen (Liquid-Phase Process)
This feasibility study shows the economics of Cyclohexane production from benzene using a liquid phase hydrogenation process in the presence of a nickel-based catalyst. The economic analysis presented is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
Details: 200 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD
Toluene Production from Reformate
This report presents the economics of Toluene production from reformate. The reformate is submitted to a typical sulfolane liquid-liquid extraction, giving a mixture of aromatics, which is further processed to yield pure Toluene. Benzene and mixed xylenes are produced as by-products. The economic analysis presented is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
Details: 350 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD
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