Commodity Production Costs Report

Reformate Production from LPG

Reformate Operating Costs & Plant Construction Costs

600 kta United States-based plant | 107 Pages | Issue C | Q3 2024
Starting at $799 USD | See Report Editions Prices

This report presents the economics of Reformate production from liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in the United States, using a process similar to UOP Cyclar technology. In this process, reformate is passed through dehydrocyclodimerization, forming naphthenes. They are then dehydrogenated to the corresponding aromatics, forming reformate. Hydrogen is also generated as by-product

The report provides a comprehensive study of Reformate production and related Reformate production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Reformate production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Reformate plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Reformate plant operating costs (Opex).

The Reformate production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Reformate plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Reformate plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.

Key reference(s): ?

Reformate Production Cost Report Process Schematic

The process under analysis comprises three major sections: (1) Dehydrocyclodimerization; and (2) Products Separation.

Dehydrocyclodimerization. Initially, an LPG stream is passed through fixed-bed adsorption systems, in which potential reforming catalyst poisons such as water, sulfur, and oxygen compounds are removed. The treated LPG stream is combined with recycle gas rich in unconverted paraffins and preheated by heat-exchange with effluent from the reactors. The first reactions are the dehydrogenation of propane and butane to mono-olefins, which quickly oligomerize forming large intermediates. Such intermediates, in turn, cyclize to naphthenes. All such reactions take place in the presence of bifunctionals catalyst based on a metal modified zeolite. Finally, the naphthenes formed are dehydrogenated to a mixture rich in benzene, toluene and xylene – Reformate. While all such reactions are endothermic, between each reaction stage the charge is reheated to reaction temperature. Coke tend to accumulate on the catalysts, deactivating them over time. Then, they are continually withdrawn from the bottom of the reactor, fed to a separate vessel to burn off the coke and lifted back to reactor,

Separation. The effluent from reactors is fed to a gas/liquid separator, in which it is split into vapor and liquid products. The vapor phase, rich in hydrogen produced from reforming, is split in two fractions: the first one is compressed and recycled to the charge heaters, while the remaining is compressed and sent to a PSA system, in which the hydrogen-rich gas is purified from unconverted paraffins. The liquid phase is also compressed and sent to a column, which strips off light hydrocarbons in the distillate. Reformate is withdrawn from bottom, cooled and stored.

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  • Production Process Information
  • Process Consumptions
  • Labor Requirements
  • Plant Capital Cost Summary
  • Operating Cost Summary
  • Production Costs Datasheet
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 80 Pages | 22 Tables | 9 Images

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Table of Contents


Features
  • Production Process Information
  • Process Consumptions
  • Labor Requirements
  • Plant Capital Cost Summary
  • Operating Cost Summary
  • Production Costs Datasheet
  • Plant Capital Cost Details
  • Operating Cost Details
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 90 Pages | 28 Tables | 13 Images

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Table of Contents


Features
  • Production Process Information
  • Process Consumptions
  • Labor Requirements
  • Plant Capital Cost Summary
  • Operating Cost Summary
  • Production Costs Datasheet
  • Plant Capital Cost Details
  • Operating Cost Details
  • Plant Cost Breakdowns
  • Plant Capacity Assessment
  • Process Flow Diagrams
  • Costs in Different Countries Add-on
  • See All Features

  • 107 Pages | 34 Tables | 22 Images
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  • Updated with Q3 2024 Data
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Content Highlights

Plant Capital Cost Summary

Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Reformate production plant examined.

Plant Capital Cost Details

Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements.

Plant Cost Breakdowns

Breakdown of Reformate process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline.

Operating Costs Summary

Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Reformate production plant studied.

Operating Cost Details

Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation.

Plant Capacity Assessment

Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Reformate plant capacities.

Production Process Information

Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL).

Process Consumptions

Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements

Process Diagrams

Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration

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This study reviews the costs associated with Reformate production from naphtha in the United States. The process under analysis is a semi-regeneration process similar to UOP RZ Platforming technology. In this process, naphtha is reformed through a series of reactions, in which paraffins are converted to aromatics. Hydrogen is generated as by-product.

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Reformate from Naphtha (Semi-Regeneration & Extra Sulfur Removal)

This feasibility study presents the economics of Reformate production from naphtha in the United States. This report examines a catalytic reforming process similar to Chevron Phillips Aromax technology. Hydrogen, crude C5s and heavy paraffins are generated as by-product.

Details: 700 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue D | From $799 USD

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Reformate from Naphtha (Continuous Catalyst Regeneration)

This feasibility study is about Reformate production from naphtha in the United States. The process evaluated is a continuous catalyst regeneration (CCR) process similar to the UOP CCR Platforming technology. In this process, naphtha is reformed through a series of reactions, in which paraffins are converted to aromatics.

Details: 800 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD

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Benzene Production from Reformate

This report presents the economics of Benzene production from reformate in the United States using a typical sulfolane liquid-liquid extraction process. The solvents extracts first the aromatics from the reformate. The aromatics are then stripped and separated into benzene, toluene and mixed xylenes.

Details: 350 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD

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Toluene Production from Reformate

This report presents the economics of Toluene production from reformate. The reformate is submitted to a typical sulfolane liquid-liquid extraction, giving a mixture of aromatics, which is further processed to yield pure Toluene. Benzene and mixed xylenes are produced as by-products. The economic analysis presented is based on a plant constructed in the United States.

Details: 350 kta United States-based plant | Q3 2024 | 107 pages | Issue A | From $799 USD

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