Commodity Production Costs
Calcium Carbonate Production from Limestone
This report presents the economics of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) production from limestone in the United States, via a typical process. Limestone is first calcinated. The product reacts with water producing calcium hydroxide, which is further carbonated with carbon dioxide from calcination to produce PCC.
Commodity Production Costs
Calcium Carbonate Production from Lime and Carbon Dioxide
This report presents the economics of Calcium Carbonate production from lime in the United States, via a typical process. In this process, lime reacts with water producing calcium hydroxide, which is further carbonated with carbon dioxide to produce PCC.
Commodity Production Costs
Calcium Carbonate Production from Lime and Soda Ash
This report presents the economics of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) production from lime and sodium carbonate in the United States, via a conventional lime-soda process. In this process, calcium hydroxide is generated by treating lime with water. Then, calcium hydroxide reacts with soda ash. Besides PCC, an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is also obtained as product.