Solid NaCN Production from Caustic Soda, Ammonia and Natural Gas
Sodium Cyanide Production Costs Report | Issue E | Q4 2024
| Report Details |
| 45 kta United States-based plant | Q4 2024 | 107 pages |
This report presents a cost analysis of a 45 kta (kilo metric ton per annum) United States-based plant. You can add a customized cost analysis, assuming another location (country), when ordering a premium edition of this report.
Report Abstract
This report examines the economics of Sodium Cyanide manufacturing in an industrial complex, located in the United States. In this process, high purity hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is produced from ammonia, natural gas, and air using a direct synthesis method. Then, the HCN is reacted with caustic soda and water is evaporated. Solid Sodium Cyanide is obtained as the final product.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Sodium Cyanide production and related Sodium Cyanide production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Sodium Cyanide production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Sodium Cyanide plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Sodium Cyanide plant operating costs (Opex).
The Sodium Cyanide production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Sodium Cyanide plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Sodium Cyanide plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
Process Schematic
The process under analysis comprises three major sections: (1) HCN Production; (2) Neutralization; and (3) Purification.
HCN Production. Hydrogen cyanide is produced through a direct synthesis method similar to the Andrussow process. Natural gas, ammonia, and air are fed to a reactor in the presence of a platinum-rhodium catalyst, where HCN is formed through a catalytic reaction. The product stream is subjected to subsequent purification steps, to produce a 99.5% HCN stream.
Neutralization. First, caustic soda is fed to an absorption column to absorb hydrogen cyanide from the vapor stream that exits the neutralization reactor. The sodium hydroxide solution is then fed to the neutralization reactor alongside hydrogen cyanide from the previous section. While the reaction is exothermic, the reaction heat is removed by means of circulation through an external heat-exchanger, in such a way that the solution temperature is kept below 50 °C. Yields greater than 98% are achieved based on HCN. At the end of this step, a salt solution of NaCN (around 45 wt%) is obtained.
Purification. The salt solution is fed to evaporative crystallizers, in which water is removed to reach the saturation concentration and begin the crystallization. The sludge from the crystallizer is then fed to a set of centrifuges to separate the Sodium Cyanide crystals. The mother liquor recovered from the centrifuges still contains about 40 wt% in Sodium Cyanide, so it is recycled to the crystallizers. Finally, residual moisture in the crystals is removed in a spin flash dryer using hot air. The dried solid powder is then compacted in hydraulic roll presses into briquettes for safer handling, which are then packaged into storage bins and directed to storage.
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Production Process Information
Process Consumptions
Labor Requirements
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Operating Cost Summary
Production Costs Datasheet
Plant Capital Cost Details
Operating Cost Details
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Plant Capacity Assessment
Process Flow Diagrams
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Sodium Cyanide production plant examined
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Sodium Cyanide process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Sodium Cyanide production plant studied
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Sodium Cyanide plant capacities
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL)
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
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