Production Cost Report
ICC - Is Bespoken: 0
ICC - Main References: ?
ICC - Issue: E
ICC - Volume: 36
ICC - Report ID: 036-E
ICC - Report Location: United States
ICC - Is Popular: 0
ICC - Is Developed: 1
ICC - Title: Benzene Production from Light Oil
ICC - Show Overview: 1
ICC - Report Location ID: 1
ICC - Plant Capacity Unit ID: 14
ICC - Volume Reports List: 036-A,036-B,036-C,036-D,036-E,036-F,036-G,036-H,036-I,036-J
ICC - Related Reports List: 293-A,047-A
ICC - Report Location Code: USA
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ICC - Plant Capacity Unit Name: kilo metric ton per annum
ICC - Plant Capacity Unit Short Name: kta
ICC - Process Overview Image: //cdn.intratec.us/images/icc/process-overview/036-E.jpg
ICC - Process Overview Text: <h6>Product</h6> <p><b>Benzene</b>. Benzene (C6H6) is a flammable and volatile liquid. As the most simple aromatic hydrocarbon, it is used as an intermediate to produce many important chemicals, such as styrene (raw material for polystyrene and synthetic rubber), cyclohexane (used in nylon production), alkylbenzenes (used in detergent industry), aniline (used to produce dyes and polyurethanes), and chlorobenzenes. Also, benzene is used to produce pharmaceuticals, specialty chemicals, plastics, and pesticides. It occurs naturally in crude oil and coal tar. </p> <h6>Raw Materials</h6> <p><b>Chemicals</b>. </p> <b>Hydrogen</b>. Hydrogen (H2) is an important chemical feedstock, mainly applied in the manufacture of ammonia and methanol, and for hydroprocessing operations in petroleum refineries. H2 is produced on a commercial scale primarily from steam reforming and partial oxidation of natural gas, coal, coke, or residue, and electrolysis of water. It is assumed that the reformer grade hydrogen, with a purity of 70 mol%, is supplied to the process by the nearby petrochemical complex at 30 bar. The main impurities in the hydrogen stream generated in the process are methane and acetylene.</p> <b>Coke-Oven Light Oil</b>. Coke-oven light oil is a byproduct of coke production in steelmaking, containing valuable aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene, toluene, and xylene. It is processed to extract these compounds for chemical manufacturing. Collected during coal carbonization, it is stored as a liquid mixture. The extracted aromatics are essential feedstocks for producing solvents, plastics, and synthetic fibers.</p>
ICC - Process Schematic Image: //cdn.intratec.us/images/icc/process-schematics/036-E.jpg
ICC - Process Schematic Text: <p>The process under analysis comprises three major sections: (1) Purification; (2) Reactions; and (3) Hydrogen Treatment.</p><p>Reactions. Initially, the coke-oven light oil is fractionated for the removal of C5- and C9+ fractions from the feedstock. The feed is then combined with recycled (unconverted) aromatics, forming a mixture that is vaporized with hot hydrogen and fed to a pre-treatment reactor. In the pre-treatment reactor, diolefins, cyclic diolefins, and styrene are selectively hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst (cobalt molybdate on alumina), and a portion of thiophene and other sulfur compounds are converted to H2S. The hydrogenated effluent from the pre-treatment reactor is heated and subsequently fed to the fixed-bed reactors, where hydrocracking, dehydrogenation, and dealkylation reactions are carried out in the presence of chromia-alumina catalyst. Dealkylation reactions are exothermic, so the reaction temperature is controlled by recycling cold hydrogen between reactors.</p><p>Purification. The resulting effluent from the Dealkylation reactors is cooled and fed to a flash drum for the recovery of hydrogen. The liquid outlet is stabilized, clay treated, and then fractionated to obtain a finished benzene product.</p><p>Hydrogen Treatment. The gaseous stream from the flash drum is fed to the bottom of a multi-stage absorber column to remove residual hydrocarbons from the hydrogen-rich feed stream, avoiding the build-up of impurities in the process. The washed hydrogen-rich gas is mixed with a reformer-grade hydrogen makeup stream and then compressed and heated before being mixed with the feed mixture.</p>
ICC - Short Description: This study shows a techno-economic analysis of Benzene production from light oil using a hydrodealkylation process similar to Lummus Litol technology. The light oil feedstock used is a product from coal coking process. A C6-C8 fraction is separated. Then, diolefins and styrene are hydrogenated. The effluent is finally converted to benzene by hydrodealkylation. The plant is assumed to be located in the United States.
ICC - Main Product: Benzene
ICC - Plant Capacity: 200.00
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ICC - Images Count: {"versions":{"1":"9","2":"13","3":"22"}}
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Benzene Production from Light Oil

Benzene Production Costs Report | Issue E | Q2 2024

Production Cost Report

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200 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Delivered in PDF

This report presents a cost analysis of a 200 kta (kilo metric ton per annum) United States-based plant. You can add a customized cost analysis, assuming another location (country), when ordering a premium edition of this report.

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Production Process Information

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Production Process Information

Process Consumptions

Labor Requirements

Plant Capital Cost Summary

Operating Cost Summary

Production Costs Datasheet

Plant Capital Cost Details

Operating Cost Details

Plant Cost Breakdowns

Plant Capacity Assessment

Process Flow Diagrams

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Content Highlights

Plant Capital Cost Summary

Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Benzene production plant examined

Plant Capital Cost Details

Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements

Plant Cost Breakdowns

Breakdown of Benzene process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline

Operating Costs Summary

Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Benzene production plant studied

Operating Cost Details

Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation

Plant Capacity Assessment

Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Benzene plant capacities

Production Process Information

Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL)

Process Consumptions

Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements

Process Diagrams

Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration

Other Benzene Production Cost Reports

Benzene Production from Reformate

This report presents the economics of Benzene production from reformate in the United States using a typical sulfolane liquid-liquid extraction process. The solvents extracts first the aromatics from the reformate. The aromatics are then stripped and separated into benzene, toluene and mixed xylenes.

Details: 350 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue A   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 350 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene Production from Pygas (Liquid-Liquid Extraction Process)

This study presents the economics of Benzene production from pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) in the United States. This study reviews a typical liquid-liquid extraction process. In the also called solvent extraction, mixed xylenes and a C5 stream are obtained as by-products.

Details: 400 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue B   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 400 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene Production from Pygas (Extractive Distillation Process)

This report examines the costs related to Benzene production from pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) in the United States using a typical extractive distillation process. Initially, pygas is fractionated into 3 hydrocarbon cuts. The C6s fraction is then fed to an extractive distillation system, using N-formylmorpholine (NFM) as solvent. to recover benzene.

Details: 250 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue C   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 250 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene Production from Pygas (Hydrodealkylation Process)

This analysis presents the economics of Benzene production from pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) in the United States using a typical hydrodealkylation process. Initially, pygas is fractionated into 3 hydrocarbon cuts. The C6-C8 fraction is then directed to the hydrodealkylation step, in which the aromatics content in the process stream are converted into benzene

Details: 250 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue D   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 250 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene Production from Light Oil

This study shows a techno-economic analysis of Benzene production from light oil using a hydrodealkylation process similar to Lummus Litol technology. The light oil feedstock used is a product from coal coking process. A C6-C8 fraction is separated. Then, diolefins and styrene are hydrogenated. The effluent is finally converted to benzene by hydrodealkylation. The plant is assumed to be located in the United States.

Details: 200 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue E   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 200 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene from Toluene (Conventional Toluene Disproportionation)

This report also presents the economics of Benzene production from toluene in the United States. This assessment depicts a conventional toluene disproportionation process (TDP).

Details: 400 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue F   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 400 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene from Toluene (Selective Toluene Disproportionation)

It presents the economics of a selective toluene disproportionation process (STDP) for Benzene production in the United States. In the STDP, toluene is converted into benzene and xylenes (mainly, p-xylene). The reaction is carried out with a zeolitic catalyst, in a hydrogen atmosphere to minimize coke formation and side reactions.

Details: 250 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue G   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 250 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene Production from Toluene & Heavy Aromatics

This report shows the costs associated with Benzene production from toluene and heavy aromatics in the United States using a typical transalkylation process. In this process, toluene and heavy aromatics are converted to Benzene and xylenes (co-product).

Details: 250 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue H   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 250 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene from Toluene (Hydrodealkylation)

This study presents the economic analysis for the construction of an industrial plant for Benzene production from toluene in the United States. This study reviews a toluene hydrodealkylation (THDA) technology similar to Houdry's Detol. In this process, toluene is converted over a fixed-bed catalyst into Benzene.

Details: 250 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue I   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 250 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Benzene Production from Naphtha

This study provides the economics of Benzene production from naphtha in the United States using an integrated aromatics complex, which involves the co-production of p-Xylene. In this process, naphtha is reformed, and the reformate is separated into Benzene, xylenes and toluene, which undergoes disproportionation, forming the other two products.

Details: 450 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue J   From $1,499 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 450 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

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Other Related Production Cost Reports

Cyclohexane from Benzene and Hydrogen (Liquid-Phase Process)

This feasibility study shows the economics of Cyclohexane production from benzene using a liquid phase hydrogenation process in the presence of a nickel-based catalyst. The economic analysis presented is based on a plant constructed in the United States.

Details: 200 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue A   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 200 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

Nitrobenzene Production from Benzene (NORAM)

This report presents the economics of Nitrobenzene production from benzene and nitric acid in the United States. The process analyzed in this report is similar to NORAM's adiabatic benzene nitration process, which uses a plug-flow nitrator containing jet-impingement elements.

Details: 530 kta United States-based plant   |   Q2 2024   |   107 pages   |   Issue A   From $799 USD

The cost analyses presented in this report target a 530 kta (kilo metric ton per annum per annum) United States-based plant. For those interested in cost analyses considering other plant capacities and/or locations, Intratec offers a customized analysis as an optional feature.

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